William wells and  joseph vowles



(No Model.)

W. WELLS 82; J. VOWLES.

- SCOOP. NO. 448,393. Patented Mar. 17, 1891..

Fig-5. Flqfi- FIQ 2- ends, thus accomplishing a lateral stifieningWILLIAM WELLS Ann JQSEPH vowLas, or inLFoan, nineteen; SAID WELLSAsstcivon 'ro FRANK ORRIS AND MARY VOWLES, on SAME PLACE;

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 448,393, dated March17, 1891. Application ant novemt zt, 1890. serial in. 372,509. 110 an.)

To (all whomjtnmayconcern Be it known that we, WILLIAM WELLS and JOSEPHVOWLES, citizens of the United States,

residing at- Milford, county of Oakland, and State of Michigan, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement inSc'oops; and We declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description oftheinvention, such as will-enable others skilled in the art to which itpertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, which'forui a part of thisspeci-iication.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is Fig. 3 is across-section of the shank ofone of the double teeth shownin Fig.1. Fig. 4 a variation in saidcross-section. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 illustrate-how the shank. ofthat-double tooth opposite the handle may be formed in cross-section.our scoop.

This device is designed as an improvement to be difficult to cast thesaid scoops with the.

said bars,owing to the distortion and breaking by shrinkagein casting.

his the purpose of our present invention to overcome these in otherrespects. aniin proved article.

- To this end, A represents the attheir forward ends intotvvo tines C.This serves to brace the said two tines thoroughly against lateraldisplacement and adds greatstrength andstiiiness to the extreme rear aplan view of, the scoop involving'our invention. Fig. 2 1S; a view of avariation of the same.

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of difiiculties and to produce handle-sock-'et; 13, the scooping-edge, and C represents a series of shanks, eachdivided and extended n I stantiallyas and tor the Plll'POSGE'dLSCI'lDQClin all respects equal to that in the last patent above referred to,While it dispenses with the danger of breakage from shrinkage incasting. Each of these shanks may be con veX on one surface, as shown atc in Fig. 3, while the opposite surface may he concaved, as shown at cin Fig. 3; or one surface may he convex, as shown at c, and its oppositesurface made straight,as shown at c in Fig.4..

ti e have found in practice that the great: est strain in the scoop isthrown. upon the middle tine C opposite the handle. We purpose,therefore, to provide this tine with a stiffening longitudinal flange onone side, as shown at c in Fig. 5, or with such a stiff-.

ening-fiange on both sides, as shown'at c and.

c in Fig. 7 and this middle-tine,- as also the other tines,.inay be madeflat in cross-section, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, instead of curved,

shown iii Figs. 3, and 5.

Instead of making the shanks solid, as shown in Fig. 1, each said shankmay, if desired, be provided with an opening 0 This structure leavesmore open space at the heel of the scoop, and theuniting portion cserves to stiffen each couple of tines and accomplishes the bracing thatis necessary at these points Without endangeringloss in casting byreason of shrinkage.

This shovel is designed to be made of cast metal, preferably malleableiron.

"What we claim is 1. A. scoop in which the inside tines are an ranged inpairs, each pair united near the point Where they curve upward atthe'heel of the scoop, shbstantially as andt'or the purposes describcd.

2. A scoop with the inside tines arranged in pairs, each'pair unitednear the point where they curve upward at the heel of the scoop; with anopening between said point-of union and the extreme heel end of thetine, suhcentral pair stiffened aith a longitudinal :2 wsws flangu mHumid,subSi.zau1i\lt1 and for H16 in testimony whc reofi we sign thisspecifi mx-pot-vs ihvscnbod. cation in the'presence 0f two witnesses.

71, A 59001; will]. its inside Limes arranged \VIL'LIIUI YFLTS in tial:ashpairunimdneartlepsintwherv i gihe time cnnmaupwardat the heal, theshank JO'bEPH boygnd said m: 01" v union convexefi. 11 p011 Viitnessiflone side and. concaved mp0s; its opposite side, EDWARD--J-. BlssELL,

substantially as @Qfiifiibtl JAMES H. AUSTIN.

It is hereby certifiad. that the; first-mined, nss ignee in LettersPatent N 0. 448,893,

granted March 17, 1891, 2.115011 the 'azmylicntiou of William Yvllsahd Joseph Vowles, of

Milford, Michigan, for an improvement in Scoops, was erroneously writtenand gs-siutfid flfrank' Gin-is, wliareugv said mun. shouldhave ben\vritteii and printed Frank 01- 3233,- fz'md that the said LettersPatent should be read with this correction therein that; the same maycon Lyn), 1;; the. cdrf fied fil s and rcords of the case in thelPatentflflice.

Signed, cquntar-signed. andsezelerl this 14th day of April; A. D. .1891.

[SEAL] CYRUS BUSSEY, v I" v I Assistant Secretary of the Interior.baliuximrgigried 1 (J; E. MITCHELL,

' .Commissioner'qf Patents.

